![]() ![]() ![]() Objectives To examine the association of testosterone treatment with alleviation of depressive symptoms in men and to clarify moderating effects of testosterone status, depression status, age, treatment duration, and dosage.ĭata Sources English-language studies published in peer-reviewed journals identified from PubMed/Medline, Embase, Scopus, PsychINFO, and the Cochrane Controlled Trials Register from database inception to March 5, 2018, using the search terms testosterone, mood, administration, dosage, adverse effects, deficiency, standards, therapeutic use, therapy, treatment, and supplementation. In men, testosterone treatment is a controversial alternative or adjunct treatment option. Currently, antidepressants are the first-line treatment, although they show modest effects. Importance Countering depressive disorders is a public health priority. Shared Decision Making and Communication.Scientific Discovery and the Future of Medicine.Health Care Economics, Insurance, Payment.Clinical Implications of Basic Neuroscience.Challenges in Clinical Electrocardiography.In all panels, positive estimates represent depression-alleviating effects of testosterone treatment compared with placebo. C, Efficacy of testosterone treatment (as odds ratios ) in each respective study and their meta-analytical estimates. The size of data markers indicates the sample size of each study. The vertical dotted line indicates the (robust) meta-analytical effect estimate for efficacy, and the horizontal dotted line indicates the meta-analytical effect estimate for effectiveness. The dashed line indicates the estimated correspondence line of the efficacy and effectiveness outcomes. B, Relation between testosterone treatment effectiveness and testosterone treatment efficacy, estimated by Bayesian errors-in-variables modeling. Diamond data markers indicate meta-analytical effect estimates. ![]() Square data markers indicate study effects, and their size indicates relative sample size. 34 The dotted vertical line signifies the “no efficacy of testosterone treatment” scenario. The naive estimate is based on an analysis set including the outlying study the robust estimate is based on analysis excluding the outlying study. A, Effectiveness of testosterone treatment in each respective study and their meta-analytical estimates. ![]()
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